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英語四級改錯題考點:謂語動詞

時間:2025-02-09 00:39:26 等級考試 我要投稿

英語四級改錯題考點:謂語動詞

  謂語動詞指在句子中充當(dāng)謂語的動詞,有行為動詞,系動詞,情態(tài)動詞和助動詞等幾種,其中行為動詞又包括及物動詞和不及物動詞。 謂語動詞是與非謂語動詞相對應(yīng)的概念.兩者都是動詞,但是前者是作謂語成分,后者不能作謂語成分.而謂語成分就是用來說明主語的動作或狀態(tài)的,一般由動詞或短語動詞承擔(dān).

英語四級改錯題考點:謂語動詞

  一、 謂語動詞的主謂一致

 、、主謂分割原則

  例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle,

  A

  America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.

  B      C      D

  分析:C錯,應(yīng)改為symbolizes。主語謂語用逗號分割開,主語the bald eagle為單數(shù),謂語動詞也應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。

 、、與后者一致原則

  not…but, 強調(diào)but后面的名詞,

  not only…but also

 、邸⑴c前者一致原則

  名詞+with/together with/as well as/including+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語用is,

  中心詞在前面,謂語動詞應(yīng)該與前面的名詞保持一致

  例:The athlete, together with his coach and

  A      B  C

  several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.

  D

  分析:D錯,與謂語動詞與the athlete 保持一致,改為is

 、、就近原則

  or, either…or, neither…nor,

  單數(shù)名詞+or+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are

  如果把句子變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洌簿褪前裝e動詞提到前面,那么變?yōu)閕s

  所以注意一點: 如果是陳述句,靠后面近,用復(fù)數(shù)

  如果是疑問句,靠前面近,用單數(shù)

  例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are

  A      B

  amazingly complex for single-celled animals.

  C              D

  分析:A錯,應(yīng)改為and。從謂語動詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式判斷,主語應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù),or連接兩個名詞時動詞和后面的名詞保持一致,behavior是用單數(shù)形式,因此只有改為并列連詞and才能使主謂在數(shù)上保持一致。

 、荻ㄕZ從句主語就近原則

  There are five apples that are red.

  apples是復(fù)數(shù),因此從句謂語動詞是復(fù)數(shù)。

  例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets

  A

  carry a supply that last just a few seconds.

  B   C    D

  分析:D錯,應(yīng)改為lasts。從句的邏輯主語a supply為單數(shù),其謂語動詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。

 、辴he +形容詞主謂一致

  The rich are not always happier than the poor.

  The rich 表示一類人,應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)

  ⑦、倒裝句的主謂一致

  改錯題倒裝句的主謂一致一般考兩種情況:

  a. there be 句型

  there be+名詞+名詞,那么最近的名詞決定其形式

  b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名詞,名詞其實是主語,所以be和名詞保持一致

  例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate.

  A     B      C    D

  分析:there be 句型由最近的名詞決定其形式,society當(dāng)然用單數(shù),A錯,there are 改為there is

  例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific

  A     B

  Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30

  C

  miles in width.

  D

  分析:倒裝句,are改為is

  例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and

  A    B       C

  Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film

  D

  presented on the five-story-tall screen.

  分析:D錯,應(yīng)改為films , 主語實際上是名詞,應(yīng)該與謂語動詞保持一致。

 、、百分比結(jié)構(gòu)的主謂一致

  fifty percent of + 名詞

  one percent of + 名詞

  謂語動詞的形式和百分比多少沒有關(guān)系,主要取決于后面的名詞,比如:

  one percent of my students + are

  fifty percent of my time is spent on working.

  這里要強調(diào)兩個結(jié)構(gòu)

  half of =fifty percent

  most of + 可數(shù)名詞 + are

  most of + 不可數(shù)名詞+ is

  例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been

  A       B         C

  found in central and eastern Canada.

  D

  分析:C錯,應(yīng)改為have been。介詞of的賓語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞短語,作主語的中心詞half當(dāng)然表復(fù)數(shù),相應(yīng)的謂語動詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。

  例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized

  A   B

  in the United States are for foods and beverages.

  C     D

  分析:A錯,應(yīng)改為packages。從謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式判斷出主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。注意food用復(fù)數(shù)表示不同種類的食品,beverage用復(fù)數(shù)表示不同種類的飲料,故(C)、(D)均沒有錯

  二、謂語動詞的時態(tài)

 、佟⒅饕疾鞎r間狀語

  例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.

  A        B  C     D

  分析:Metal, aluminum同位語,in the nineteenth century為明顯表示過去時間的狀語, 因此應(yīng)該用過去時態(tài),把has been改為was

  ②、For和since的區(qū)別

  區(qū)別一:For 后面使用時間段,since 后面使用時間點

  區(qū)別二:Since 只能用在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),F(xiàn)or 最主要用在現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時

  I has been a teacher for three years.

  I has been a teacher since 1996.

  I was a teacher for three years. 這種表達可以,for three years表示一段時間,was 表示過去做了三年,現(xiàn)在不是老師了

  例: Since 1921 the budget of the United States became

  A      B

  the primary responsibility of the president.

  C    D

  分析:A錯,應(yīng)改 In. since一般要求主句用完成時態(tài),而句中謂語動詞為過去式,其時間狀語應(yīng)與之呼應(yīng),故改Since為In。

  例:Adella Prentiss Hrghes served as manager of

  A  B  C

  the Cleveland Orchestra since fifteen years.

  D

  分析:D錯,應(yīng)改為for。since引導(dǎo)時間狀語時,主句謂語動詞為一般完成時;主句謂語動詞為一般過去時要用介詞for;而且一段時間用for, 而不是since。

  52. In general, prawns lived in shallow coastal waters or in streams.

  A       B        C     D

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